Theorem. Characteristic modules detect nonisomorphism [connes-0008]

The Section 6 invariant is semisimplicity of a module obtained from the characteristic abelian kernel. This is suitable for formal transport: a group isomorphism identifies the characteristic kernels, descends to an automorphism \(\sigma \) of the finite quotient, and induces a linear equivalence between the first quotient module and the second module with its action restricted along \(\sigma \). Semisimplicity is invariant under that linear equivalence.

The characteristic-kernel and quotient-twist boundaries used here are separated in § [connes-000H].

On the first side, explicit decomposition into simple summands culminates in Connes.PaperModuleSemisimple.firstProduct_semisimple.

On the second side, a nonsplit submodule obstruction is proved for every quotient twist \(\sigma \). The bridge Connes.PaperNonisomorphism.paperCharacteristicModuleEquiv turns a hypothetical group isomorphism into the forbidden module equivalence.

The public contradiction is Connes.PaperModuleSemisimpleTransport.paperGroups_not_isomorphic. This records the invariant used in [zhou2026icc, Section 6] while keeping the group-theoretic, finite-certificate, and module-theoretic arguments in separate files.