Remark. A transfer contrast as evidence of acquisition [ftip-0008]

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Training success alone does not distinguish learning from memorization, selection, or evaluator exploitation. The base-versus-reinforcement-learning comparisons in [yue2025does, secs. 3--5] motivate this distinction, but their empirical criteria are not a universal definition of acquisition.

The thresholds in Definition [ftip-0007] require enough evaluation samples to certify both inequalities. Whether the witness survives a distribution shift depends on the task law; evaluator leakage invalidates its interpretation as independent evidence.