Heyting algebras #
This file defines Heyting, co-Heyting and bi-Heyting algebras.
A Heyting algebra is a bounded distributive lattice with an implication operation ⇨
such that
a ≤ b ⇨ c ↔ a ⊓ b ≤ c
. It also comes with a pseudo-complement ᶜ
, such that aᶜ = a ⇨ ⊥
.
Co-Heyting algebras are dual to Heyting algebras. They have a difference \
and a negation ¬
such that a \ b ≤ c ↔ a ≤ b ⊔ c
and ¬a = ⊤ \ a
.
Bi-Heyting algebras are Heyting algebras that are also co-Heyting algebras.
From a logic standpoint, Heyting algebras precisely model intuitionistic logic, whereas boolean algebras model classical logic.
Heyting algebras are the order theoretic equivalent of cartesian-closed categories.
Main declarations #
GeneralizedHeytingAlgebra
: Heyting algebra without a top element (nor negation).GeneralizedCoheytingAlgebra
: Co-Heyting algebra without a bottom element (nor complement).HeytingAlgebra
: Heyting algebra.CoheytingAlgebra
: Co-Heyting algebra.BiheytingAlgebra
: bi-Heyting algebra.
Notation #
⇨
: Heyting implication\
: Difference¬
: Heyting negationᶜ
: (Pseudo-)complement
References #
- [Francis Borceux, Handbook of Categorical Algebra III][borceux-vol3]
Tags #
Heyting, Brouwer, algebra, implication, negation, intuitionistic
Notation #
- hnot : α → α
Heyting negation
¬
Syntax typeclass for Heyting negation ¬
.
The difference between HasCompl
and HNot
is that the former belongs to Heyting algebras,
while the latter belongs to co-Heyting algebras. They are both pseudo-complements, but compl
underestimates while HNot
overestimates. In boolean algebras, they are equal.
See hnot_eq_compl
.
Instances
Heyting implication
Equations
- «term_⇨_» = Lean.ParserDescr.trailingNode `term_⇨_ 60 61 (Lean.ParserDescr.binary `andthen (Lean.ParserDescr.symbol " ⇨ ") (Lean.ParserDescr.cat `term 60))
Instances For
Heyting negation
Equations
- «term¬_» = Lean.ParserDescr.node `term¬_ 72 (Lean.ParserDescr.binary `andthen (Lean.ParserDescr.symbol "¬") (Lean.ParserDescr.cat `term 72))
Instances For
- sup : α → α → α
- le : α → α → Prop
- lt : α → α → Prop
- le_refl : ∀ (a : α), a ≤ a
- inf : α → α → α
- top : α
- himp : α → α → α
⊤
is a greatest elementa ⇨
is right adjoint toa ⊓
A generalized Heyting algebra is a lattice with an additional binary operation ⇨
called
Heyting implication such that a ⇨
is right adjoint to a ⊓
.
This generalizes HeytingAlgebra
by not requiring a bottom element.
Instances
- sup : α → α → α
- le : α → α → Prop
- lt : α → α → Prop
- le_refl : ∀ (a : α), a ≤ a
- inf : α → α → α
- bot : α
- sdiff : α → α → α
⊥
is a least element\ a
is right adjoint to⊔ a
A generalized co-Heyting algebra is a lattice with an additional binary
difference operation \
such that \ a
is right adjoint to ⊔ a
.
This generalizes CoheytingAlgebra
by not requiring a top element.
Instances
- sup : α → α → α
- le : α → α → Prop
- lt : α → α → Prop
- le_refl : ∀ (a : α), a ≤ a
- inf : α → α → α
- top : α
- himp : α → α → α
- bot : α
- compl : α → α
⊥
is a least elementa ⇨
is right adjoint toa ⊓
A Heyting algebra is a bounded lattice with an additional binary operation ⇨
called Heyting
implication such that a ⇨
is right adjoint to a ⊓
.
Instances
- sup : α → α → α
- le : α → α → Prop
- lt : α → α → Prop
- le_refl : ∀ (a : α), a ≤ a
- inf : α → α → α
- bot : α
- sdiff : α → α → α
- top : α
- hnot : α → α
⊤
is a greatest element⊤ \ a
is¬a
A co-Heyting algebra is a bounded lattice with an additional binary difference operation \
such that \ a
is right adjoint to ⊔ a
.
Instances
Equations
- GeneralizedHeytingAlgebra.toOrderTop = let src := inst; OrderTop.mk (_ : ∀ (a : α), a ≤ ⊤)
Equations
- GeneralizedCoheytingAlgebra.toOrderBot = let src := inst; OrderBot.mk (_ : ∀ (a : α), ⊥ ≤ a)
Equations
- HeytingAlgebra.toBoundedOrder = BoundedOrder.mk
Equations
- CoheytingAlgebra.toBoundedOrder = let src := inst; BoundedOrder.mk
Construct a Heyting algebra from the lattice structure and Heyting implication alone.
Equations
- HeytingAlgebra.ofHImp himp le_himp_iff = let src := inst; let src_1 := inst; HeytingAlgebra.mk (_ : ∀ (a : α), ⊥ ≤ a) (_ : ∀ (a : α), a ⇨ ⊥ = a ⇨ ⊥)
Instances For
Construct a Heyting algebra from the lattice structure and complement operator alone.
Equations
- HeytingAlgebra.ofCompl compl le_himp_iff = let src := inst; let src_1 := inst; HeytingAlgebra.mk (_ : ∀ (a : α), ⊥ ≤ a) (_ : ∀ (a : α), compl a ⊔ ⊥ = compl a)
Instances For
Construct a co-Heyting algebra from the lattice structure and the difference alone.
Equations
- CoheytingAlgebra.ofSDiff sdiff sdiff_le_iff = let src := inst; let src_1 := inst; CoheytingAlgebra.mk (_ : ∀ (a : α), a ≤ ⊤) (_ : ∀ (a : α), ⊤ \ a = ⊤ \ a)
Instances For
Construct a co-Heyting algebra from the difference and Heyting negation alone.
Equations
- CoheytingAlgebra.ofHNot hnot sdiff_le_iff = let src := inst; let src_1 := inst; CoheytingAlgebra.mk (_ : ∀ (a : α), a ≤ ⊤) (_ : ∀ (a : α), ⊤ ⊓ hnot a = hnot a)
Instances For
The deduction theorem in the Heyting algebra model of intuitionistic logic: an implication holds iff the conclusion follows from the hypothesis.
See himp_le
for a stronger version in Boolean algebras.
Equations
- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
Equations
- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
Equations
- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
Alias of sdiff_sup_self
.
Alias of sup_sdiff_self
.
See le_sdiff
for a stronger version in generalised Boolean algebras.
Equations
- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
Equations
- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
Equations
- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
Alias of the reverse direction of le_compl_iff_disjoint_right
.
Alias of the reverse direction of le_compl_iff_disjoint_left
.
Alias of le_compl_comm
.
Alias of the forward direction of le_compl_comm
.
Equations
- instCoheytingAlgebraOrderDual = let src := OrderDual.lattice α; let src_1 := OrderDual.boundedOrder α; CoheytingAlgebra.mk (_ : ∀ (a : αᵒᵈ), a ≤ ⊤) (_ : ∀ (a : α), a ⇨ ⊥ = aᶜ)
Equations
- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
Alias of the reverse direction of hnot_le_iff_codisjoint_right
.
Alias of the reverse direction of hnot_le_iff_codisjoint_left
.
Equations
- instHeytingAlgebraOrderDual = let src := OrderDual.lattice α; let src_1 := OrderDual.boundedOrder α; HeytingAlgebra.mk (_ : ∀ (a : αᵒᵈ), ⊥ ≤ a) (_ : ∀ (a : α), ⊤ \ a = ¬a)
Equations
- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
Propositions form a Heyting algebra with implication as Heyting implication and negation as complement.
Equations
- Prop.heytingAlgebra = let src := Prop.distribLattice; let src_1 := Prop.boundedOrder; HeytingAlgebra.mk Prop.heytingAlgebra.proof_3 Prop.heytingAlgebra.proof_4
A bounded linear order is a bi-Heyting algebra by setting
a ⇨ b = ⊤
ifa ≤ b
anda ⇨ b = b
otherwise.a \ b = ⊥
ifa ≤ b
anda \ b = a
otherwise.
Equations
- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
Instances For
Pullback a GeneralizedHeytingAlgebra
along an injection.
Equations
- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
Instances For
Pullback a GeneralizedCoheytingAlgebra
along an injection.
Equations
- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
Instances For
Pullback a HeytingAlgebra
along an injection.
Equations
- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
Instances For
Pullback a CoheytingAlgebra
along an injection.
Equations
- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
Instances For
Pullback a BiheytingAlgebra
along an injection.
Equations
- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.