- #perf
    - Benchmarks in CI: Escaping the Cloud Chaos
    - Big O vs Hardware: Better Complexity ≠ Better Performance
    - bu/doc/tim.md at main · c-blake/bu
    - Snooping On Slow Builds (Using Syscalls)
- #browser
    - I tried Servo, the undercover web browser engine made with Rust #rust
        - "this approach of breaking down a web engine into independently usable modules with public APIs will make it easier for people to get involved in web engine development, and make it easier for people to create new web engines in future" (on HN)
            - servo/stylo: CSS engine that powers Servo and Firefox
            - servo/html5ever: High-performance browser-grade HTML5 parser
            - DioxusLabs/taffy: A high performance rust-powered UI layout library
            - DioxusLabs/blitz: A radically modular HTML/CSS rendering engine
    - Orion Browser by Kagi
        - Kagi believes that they need to offer a hollistic replacement for big tech for consuming the web, that includes search, browser and email  (on HN)
    - How we made JSON.stringify more than twice as fast
- #cg
    - PixiEditor 2.0 – A FOSS universal 2D graphics editor (on HN)
        - Raster, Vector, Animations, Procedural (VFX, effects, non-desctuctive editing)
        - written in C#, copyleft
        - alternatives
            - G'MIC - GREYC's Magic for Image Computing: A Full-Featured Open-Source Framework for Image Processing - Main
    - Kdenlive - Free and Open Source Video Editor
    - Physically Based Shading in Theory and Practice
    - 3D Line Drawings
        - a 3d scene that can be posed and shows as a 2d line illustration
        - based on Gaussian Splats

- #zig #perf
    - Zig profiling on Apple Silicon | Bugsik
        - mstange/samply
            - a command line sampling CPU profiler which uses the Firefox profiler as its UI
            - for macOS, Linux, and Windows
        - verte-zerg/poop at kperf-macos
            - a fork of poop to use kperf under Mac
        - wolfpld/tracy: Frame profiler
            - A real time, nanosecond resolution, remote telemetry, hybrid frame and sampling profiler for games and other applications
            - C, C++, Lua, Python, Fortran, Rust, Zig, C#, OCaml, Odin, GPU
            - Windows, Linux, Android, FreeBSD, WSL, OSX, iOS, QNX
    - Generic Programming and anytype - Docs - Ziggit
    - Using Zig allocator for C libraries (Alignment question)
        - `Allocator.rawAlloc`/`.rawFree`
        - `@alignOf(std.c.max_align_t)`
    - ANDRVV/zprof: 🧮 Cross-allocator profiler for Zig
        - battle-tested in raptodb/rapto: transposition-heuristic storage, low memory footprint and high-performance querying
    - Writing memory efficient C structs (on HN)
    - 10^19712 years to exhaust u65535
        - u65535 is the integer type with the highest max value supported in Zig (from Zig doc)
- #physics
    - Background independence
- #crypto
    - Fintech dystopia (on HN)
- #perf
    - Giving Benchmarks a Boat
        - TPC-C is a benchmark for transactional databases that models an order system with goods spanning many warehouses
        - Each warehouse comes with some set amount of data to be managed and some amount of query traffic that adheres to some specific distribution laid out in the spec
            - they can account for
                - what's the proportion of hot vs. cold data
                - what's the ratio of transactions-per-minute to bytes stored
                - what's the proportion of read-only queries, vs. simple, point writes, vs. complex read-write transactions
                - what proportion of transactions go cross-shard
        - The metric: "we sustained the workload at X warehouses with Y hardware at Z cost."
- #movie
    - Nothing to watch – Experimental gallery visualizing 50k film posters
- #agent
    - Show HN: A GitHub Action that quizzes you on a pull request (on HN) #aicr

        > PR Quiz uses AI to generate a quiz from a pull request and blocks you from merging until the quiz is passed.

    - Principles for production AI agents (on HN)
        - context
            - modern LLMs just need direct detailed context, no tricks, but clarity and lack of contradictions
            - structuring context so that the system part is large and static and user one is small and dynamic works great
            - provide the bare minimum of knowledge in the first place, and the option to fetch more context if needed via tools
            - context compaction tools can help avoiding logs and other artifacts from the feedback loop to bloat the context
        - tools
            - good tools typically operate on a similar level of granularity, and have a limited number of strictly typed parameters
            - idempotency is highly recommended to avoid state management issues
            - LLMs are very likely to misuse your loopholes, and that’s why you don’t want to have any loopholes
                - v.s. human API users are more capable of reading between the lines, can navigate complex docs and find workarounds
            - designing an agent to write some DSL (domain-specific language) code with actions rather than calling tools one by one is a great idea
        - feedback loop
            - actor-critic approach: where an actor decides on actions and a critic evaluates them
                - allow actors to be creative, and critics to be strict
            - error recovery
                - a chain of bad fixes is not fixable anymore - just discard and try again
            - agents try alternatives because the explicitly requested tool call failed with crucial ingredients
                - tell them to ask for these ingredients before trying alternatives
            - baseline agent + logs + LLM analysis = insights for improvments
    - Q&A: Combining Math and LLMs
        - Raw math/algos and LLM are both powerful tools in your modeling toolkit
        - If you’re missing either tool from your toolkit, then that will severely hamstring your modeling abilities and many problems will remain inaccessible to you.
    - Show HN: Companies use AI to take your calls. I built AI to make them for you
        - top comment on HN introduced a great use case for LLM-back reception
            - local plumbing business
                - understand and repeated back the client's request in a slightly different, more professional way for confirmation
                - asked a few more smart follow-ups
                - the plumber called back and jumped straight into solutions, pricing, and his availability
            - prefer to talk to LLM, if the issue can be quickly triaged to the right human who actually understand the situation
            - synchronous interaction by bot
                - can perform first level troubleshooting, ask for clarification, begin to form a plan and get your buy-in
                - v.s. fire-and-forget email form
                    - incomplete reports, missing information, people who have no idea what they're talking about
    - Show HN: Terminal-Bench-RL: Training Long-Horizon Terminal Agents with RL (on HN)
        - Custom scaffolding (system prompt and tools) using Qwen3-32B achieved 13.75- The author has built an RL system, but it has not been used for anything due to cost limitations.
    - Stop selling “unlimited”, when you mean “until we change our minds”
        - the playbook
            - launch with generous/unlimited limits
            - build user dependency
            - add caps targeting "less than 5- frame as "sustainability" or "fairness"
        - that "5- power users with deep workflow integration
            - early adopters who took platform risks
            - team influencers who drive organizational adoption
            - $200/month Claude Max subscribers doing serious work
        - Tokens are getting more expensive
        - Claude Code weekly rate limits
    - The Rise of Vibeinsecurity
        - a story about how devs lost their jobs over vibe apps, and vibe apps are hacked by vibe hackers immediately after deployment
        - this is also an ad for a conference called HackAIcon
    - It's rude to show AI output to people
        - whenever you propagate AI output, you're at risk of intentionally or unintentionally legitimizing it with your good name, providing it with a fake proof-of-thought
    - Agentic Coding Things That Didn’t Work
- #sec #privacy
    - Tea app leak worsens with second database exposing user chats
- #idea
    - Why Try When Others Could Do Better?
        - Even the smartest, highest-agency people in the world are severely bandwidth constrained and don’t get around to doing most of the things they have the potential to do.
        - Compound that over and over again in some niche and you get hundreds, thousands, millions of miles ahead of the fastest runners who aren’t running down that niche.
    - Pragmatism in Programming Proverbs
        - many interesting quotes
    - Objects should shut up (on HN)
        - I'm also deeply annoyed by unnecessary alarms
    - Don’t Let Architecture Astronauts Scare You #system
    - I'm rebelling against the algorithm
    - Maybe writing speed actually is a bottleneck for programming
- #rust #metaprogramming
    - Advanced Rust macros with derive-deftly
    - rules_derive: deriving using macro_rules

- Combinatory Programming
    - a nice intro to basic patterns and their motivations
    - Smullyan’s To Mock a Mockingbird
    - Essays/Tacit Expressions - J Wiki
- #mac
    - Show HN: A macOS clock that stays visible when coding or binging in fullscreen (on HN)
        - Jean-Tinland/simple-bar: A yabai, AeroSpace or FlashSpace status bar widget for Übersicht
    - AltTab - Windows alt-tab on macOS
        - rcmd - Switch apps instantly using the ⌘ Right Command key
            - very cool idea, start using it now
        - Karabiner-Elements
- Turn any diagram image into an editable Draw.io file. No more redrawing (on HN)
    - Pic2Chart - Convert Diagrams to Editable PowerPoint SVGs

- #lint
    - Detekt – A static code analyzer for Kotlin (on HN)
    - gardner/LocalLanguageTool: Self-hosted LanguageTool private instance is an offline alternative to Grammarly
- #idea
    - Programming Language Escape Hatches

        > Capability is desirable but comes into conflicts with a lot of other desirable properties, like simplicity or efficiency.

        > an escape hatch is a feature that deliberately breaks core assumptions about the language in order to add capabilities.

    - Why I do programming (on HN)

        > For me, programming has always been more than a skill. It’s a way to explore, to tinker, and to satisfy curiosity.

    - The ultimate meeting culture (on HN) (on lobste.rs)

        > The goal of an exceptional meeting culture is to allow for people to constructively decline meetings by fully understanding the consequences of their action.

- #struct
    - Algorithms for Modern Processor Architectures (on HN) #asm #cpp #perf
    - Hyperpb: 10x faster dynamic Protobuf parsing that's faster than generated code (on HN)
    - PSA: SQLite WAL checksums fail silently and may lose data (on HN) #db
- #formal
    - Formal specs as sets of behaviors (on HN) (on lobste.rs)
    - Asymmetry of verification and verifier’s law
    - A reckless introduction to Hindley-Milner type inference
    - Verified Assembly 2: Memory, RISC-V, Cuts for Invariants, and Ghost Code
- #selfhost/data
    - Blip: Peer-to-Peer Massive File Sharing by Former Dropbox Engineers (on HN)
        - n0-computer/sendme: A tool to send files and directories, based on iroh
            - Iroh
        - schollz/croc: Easily and securely send things from one computer to another :package:
        - PairDrop | Transfer Files Cross-Platform. No Setup, No Signup.
        - Magic-Wormhole: Get Things From One Computer To Another, Safely — Magic-Wormhole 0.20.0+24.g0a212b2 documentation
        - Keet by Holepunch #im
    - Copyparty – Turn almost any device into a file server (on HN) (on lobste.rs)
- #mm
    - Don't bother parsing: Just use images for RAG (on HN)
    - Yt-transcriber – Give a YouTube URL and get a transcription (on HN)
        - `yt-dlp` has such functionality built-in, tricks needed to avoid being banned
    - Phind.design – Image editor & design tool powered by 4o / custom models (on HN)

- #selfhost
    - My Ultimate Self-hosting Setup (on HN) (on lobste.rs)
        - Coolify, an open-source & self-hostable Heroku / Netlify / Vercel alternative.
        - Dokploy - Effortless Deployment Solutions
        - HomeFree
        - gokrazy Go appliances :: gokrazy
- #selfhost/data
    - Borg – Deduplicating archiver with compression and encryption (on HN)
        - Emborg — Front-End to Borg Backup — emborg 1.42 documentation
        - Home | Vorta for BorgBackup
        - Pika Backup – Apps for GNOME
            - BorgBase - Simple and Secure Offsite Backups
    - restic · Backups done right!
        - garethgeorge/backrest: Backrest is a web UI and orchestrator for restic backup.
    - Kopia
    - Plakar - Effortless backup
    - Make Your Own Backup System – Part 1: Strategy Before Scripts
- #os
    - I Used Arch, BTW: macOS, Day 1 (on HN)
    - Why Some Satellites Use NetBSD?
    - Graphene OS: a security-enhanced Android build (on HN)
    - Maru OS – Use your phone as your PC (on HN)
- #gui
    - Introducing XMLUI (on HN) (on lobste.rs)
- #py
    - metap: A Meta-Programming Layer for Python
    - You might not need a Python class (on HN)
    - Simon Willison | TIL: Exception.add_note

- #agent
    - Agents built from alloys (on HN) #sec

        > Like most typical AI agents, we call the model in a loop. The idea behind an alloy is simple: instead of always calling the same model, sometimes call one and sometimes the other.

    - Ccusage: A CLI tool for analyzing Claude Code usage from local JSONL files
    - Coding with LLMs in the summer of 2025 (an update)
        - Simon Willison | Coding with LLMs in the summer of 2025 (an update)

        > When your goal is to reason with an LLM about implementing or fixing some code, you need to provide extensive information to the LLM: papers, big parts of the target code base. And a brain dump of all your understanding of what should be done.

        > You will be able to do things that are otherwise at the borders of your knowledge / expertise while learning much in the process. Yet, everything produced will follow your idea of code and product, and will be of high quality and will not random fail because of errors and shortcomings introduced by the LLM.

    - GLM-4.5: Deeper, Headier, & better than Kimi/Qwen/DeepSeek (SOTA China LLM?)
        - GLM-4.5: Reasoning, Coding, and Agentic Abililties (on HN)
            - Simon Willison | GLM-4.5: Reasoning, Coding, and Agentic Abililties
                - Simon Willison | My 2.5 year old laptop can write Space Invaders in JavaScript now (GLM-4.5 Air) (on HN)
        - Simon Willison | Qwen3-30B-A3B-Instruct-2507
    - The current hype around autonomous agents, and what actually works in production (on HN)
    - How Anthropic teams use Claude Code (on HN)
    - Cerebras launches Qwen3-235B, achieving 1.5k tokens per second (on HN)
    - Lumo: Privacy-first AI assistant (on HN)
    - Simon Willison | Announcing Toad - a universal UI for agentic coding in the terminal
    - Price Per Token – LLM API Pricing Data (on HN)
    - You can now train a 70B language model at home (on HN)
    - #disect
        - The Big LLM Architecture Comparison (on HN)
        - Transformer Explainer: LLM Transformer Model Visually Explained
        - LLM Embeddings Explained: A Visual and Intuitive Guide (on HN)
    - Getting into Flow State with Agentic Coding (on HN)
    - LLMs are bad at returning code in JSON
    - An AI tool I find useful: a review command
- #disect
    - Do you understand f-strings? (on HN) (on lobste.rs)
    - Enough unix to get by
    - LL and LR Parsing Demystified (2013)
    - Reverse proxy deep dive
    - Reverse Proxy Deep Dive Part 2: Why HTTP Parsing at the Edge Is Harder Than It Looks
    - What is X-Forwarded-For and when can you trust it?
    - The Secret Life of Fsync (2023) (on HN)
    - Programming vehicles in games (on HN) #game
    - Never write your own date parsing library (on HN)
    - How I hacked my washing machine (on HN) (on lobste.rs)
    - Making Postgres slower (on HN) #db
- #sec
    - Certificate Transparency - Part 1
    - Firefox-patch-bin, librewolf-fix-bin AUR packages contain malware (on HN)
- #sovereign
    - New comment by voxleone in "The future is not self-hosted"

        > Self-hosting isn't just about tech choices — it's about *who controls access to knowledge*.
        >
        > During the Enlightenment, owning a physical copy of a book meant intellectual freedom. You didn’t rent ideas; you had them.
        >
        > Today, most digital knowledge is hosted, locked, or streamed — *leased from platforms*, not owned. We’re in fact drifting into *digital feudalism*, where access to culture, tools, and even history depends on gatekeepers.

    - Myspace - Archiveteam
    - Anthropic tightens usage limits for Claude Code without telling users (on HN)
    - Apple bans entire dev account, no reason given (on HN)
    - Gmail's backup codes are useless to access account
    - Linux and Secure Boot certificate expiration (on HN) (on lobste.rs)
- #lang
    - Kap lang #apl
    - Kernel #lisp
- #idea
    - Covers as a way of learning music and code (on HN)

        > Playing someone else's music, making a cover, is great because it can make it objective. It gives you something to check against.

    - Why Lexing and Parsing Should Be Separate

        > A lexer recognizes the non-recursive structure of a language. Its output is a token stream.

        > A parser recognizes the recursive structure of a language. Its output is a tree.

        > Lexing with regular languages (expressions) is nice because it can be done in `O(n)` time and `O(1)` space (using automata-based techniques)

        > There is essentially one algorithm for lexing -- march forward through the input exactly once.

        > Parsing CFGs is `O(n^3)` in general, and parsing PEGs either takes `O(n)` space (packrat parsing) or exponential time (backtracking)

        > separating lexing and parsing reduces the n in your O(n^3). In any real program, there are many more characters than tokens

    - TODOs Aren't for Doing

        > (A TODO) doesn’t need to be a plan to actually do something. Instead, it’s a note about “here’s an edge case that wasn’t handled” or a suggestion for a better structure that the author didn’t make time to implement — it captures a little slice of the author’s brain and gives a little window into the rich context they had at the time they wrote the code.

    - Lookism
        - Liking What You See: A Documentary
    - Computational Tyranny
    - Why Does Raising the Retirement Age Hurt Young People? (on HN)
- #kb
    - Molab, a cloud-hosted Marimo notebook workspace #py
        - Announcing molab | marimo
        - Export notebook as markdown with output · Issue #3692 · marimo-team/marimo
            - Export to other formats - marimo
            - Publish to the web - marimo
            - marimo-team/quarto-marimo: marimo extension for Quarto ⚡ run reactive code inside Quarto
            - akshayka/test-markdown-export
    - Org tutorials (on HN)
    - hygg, a minimalist terminal-based document reader supporting PDFs, EPUBs, and text files with vim-like navigation
        - kruseio/hygg
    - Alto turns Apple Notes into a website (on HN)
- #idea
    - Wishes Upon My Demise
        - death
        - maybe I should write one for my death
    - Your Parents Did The Best Job They Knew How To Do

- #ph
    - A New Geometry for Einstein's Theory of Relativity
        - [1808.01536] Displacement convexity of Boltzmann's entropy characterizes the strong energy condition from general relativity (2018)
        - [1810.13309] An optimal transport formulation of the Einstein equations of general relativity (2018)
        - [1909.09575] Generalized cones as Lorentzian length spaces: Causality, curvature, and singularity theorems (2019)
        - [2004.08934] Optimal transport in Lorentzian synthetic spaces, synthetic timelike Ricci curvature lower bounds and applications (2020)
        - [2408.15968] A nonlinear d'Alembert comparison theorem and causal differential calculus on metric measure spacetimes (2024)
        - [2506.04934] On the geometry of synthetic null hypersurfaces (2025)
    - Testing Quantum Theory in Curved Spacetime
    - Dirac reduction algebra
- #zig
    - #async
        - Asynchrony is not concurrency (on HN) (on lobste.rs)
        - Async I/O on Linux and durability
            - io_uring.pdf
            - Getting Hands-on with io_uring using Go
        - How to handle people dismissing io_uring as insecure? (on HN) #sec
        - Async runtime and interface
    - What can unpopular languages learn from Zig about how to grow a community?
    - New Aarch64 Back End (on HN) (on lobste.rs)
    - Zig's @fieldParentPtr for dumbos like me
    - Lessons learnt while upgrading Apache Arrows project, a zig port, to be compatible with zig 0.14.1.
- #rust
    - polycode: Encode a binary file as a rational polynomial function
    - Async Rust Is A Bad Language (2023) #async
    - The borrowchecker is what I like the least about Rust (on HN) (on lobste.rs)
    - Rickrolling Turso DB (SQLite rewrite in Rust)
    - StackSafe: Taming Recursion in Rust Without Stack Overflow (on HN)
        - tailcall - Rust
    - SQLx – Rust SQL Toolkit (on HN)
- #ts
    - Run TypeScript code without worrying about configuration
        - Node.js — Running TypeScript Natively
    - Bun adds pnpm-style isolated installation mode (on HN)
- #web
    - DaisyUI: Tailwind CSS Components (on HN)
        - daisyUI and Tailwind CSS theme generator — Tailwind CSS Components ( version 5 update is here )
        - Open Props: sub-atomic styles
    - Kelp: A UI library for people who love HTML, powered by modern CSS and Web Components
    - A 14kb page can load much faster than a 15kb page (2022) (on HN)
    - Tailwind is the Worst of All Worlds (on HN) (on lobste.rs)

        > people like tailwind not for its API or ergonomics but for its design system

        - Nativewind
        - UnoCSS: The instant on-demand Atomic CSS engine
        - tachyons-css/tachyons: Functional css for humans
        - Mantine UI
    - It's time for modern CSS to kill the SPA (on HN) (on lobste.rs)

        > The reason SPAs became the default...was because, for a while, they were the only way to deliver something that felt fluid – something that didn’t flash white between pages or jank the scroll position.

        - Smooth transitions with the View Transition API  |  View Transitions  |  Chrome for Developers
        - Guide to implementing speculation rules for more complex sites  |  Web Platform  |  Chrome for Developers
        - What is Lit? – Lit

            > a boilerplate-killing component base class that provides reactive state, scoped styles, and a declarative template system that's tiny, fast and expressive.

    - Windows 7 GUI for the Web (on HN) #css #os #tech-history
        - 98.css
        - XP.css

- #rust
    - A Rust shaped hole (on HN) (on lobste.rs)
- #term
    - gren-tui: Pure functional TUIs with The Elm Architecture #tui
        - Gren
    - `waitlock`: Linux CLI tool to provide mutex locks for long running bash ops
        - flock(1) - Linux manual page
    - lsr: ls but with io_uring #zig
        - on tangled
    - Speeding up my ZSH shell (on HN)
    - timep - trap-based profiler, flamegraph for bash
    - QuakeNotch: Quake Terminal on your MacBook's notch (on HN)
    - simtool
    - stormy
    - Multiplex: Command-Line Process Mutliplexer (on HN) (on lobste.rs)
        - ddollar/foreman: Manage Procfile-based applications
        - pvolok/mprocs: Run multiple commands in parallel
    - dtop

- #system
    - A distributed systems reliability glossary
- #gpu
    - Rust running on every GPU (on HN) (on lobste.rs)
        - https://mlir.llvm.org/docs/Dialects/NVGPU/
        - https://mlir.llvm.org/docs/Dialects/AMDGPU/
        - https://mlir.llvm.org/docs/Dialects/XeGPU/
    - Apple's MLX adding CUDA support (on HN)
        - Programs built against MLX -> Can take advantage of CUDA-enabled chips
        - not the other way around
        - SCALE documentation
            - SCALE is a GPGPU programming toolkit that can natively compile CUDA applications for AMD GPUs.
            - spectral-compute/scale-examples
    - GPUHammer: Rowhammer Attacks on GPU Memories are Practical #sec
    - A GPU Calculator That Helps Calculate What GPU to Use (on HN)
- #db
    - Embedding User-Defined Indexes in Apache Parquet Files
- #selfhost
    - Packages proxies
        - EpicWink/proxpi: PyPI caching proxy
        - panamax-rs/panamax: Mirror rustup and crates.io repositories, for offline Rust and cargo usage.
        - Pulp Project

            > Some specialized proxies handle different kinds of packages, like Pulp.

        - soulteary/apt-proxy: [Ubuntu / Debian / CentOS / Alpine] Lightweight APT / YUM / APK CHACHE PROXY just over 2MB in size!
        - NGINX Content Caching | NGINX Documentation

            > Squid is boring; lets use Nginx cache.

- #agent
    - Show HN: We made our own inference engine for Apple Silicon
        - A high-performance inference engine for AI models, in Rust
        - trymirai/lalamo: JAX infrastructure for model optimisation
        - Anemll/Anemll: Artificial Neural Engine Machine Learning Library
- #nix
    - Trying Guix: A Nixer's Impressions
- #workflow
    - Nextflow: System for creating scalable, portable, reproducible workflows
    - Metaflow: Build, Manage and Deploy AI/ML Systems (on HN)
        - Why Metaflow? (on HN)

- #cg
    - Algorithms for making interesting organic simulations (on HN) (on lobste.rs)
    - Simulating Fluids, Fire, and Smoke in Real-Time
    - Ten years of running every day, visualized
    - Hallucinations on the future of real-time rendering
- #asm
    - The missing guide to Dataflow Analysis in MLIR
    - Let's Learn x86-64 Assembly! Part 0 - Setup and First Steps
    - Welcome to Asm Editor
    - A Programmer’s Guide to x86-64 Assembly (Series Overview)
    - Understanding Registers and Data Movement in x86-64 Assembly
    - detour: A detour through the Linux dynamic linker
    - SIMD Within a Register: How I Doubled Hash Table Lookup Performance (on HN) #perf
    - Profiling without Source code – how I diagnosed Trackmania stuttering #perf #game
- #cpp
    - The Best C++ Library
    - Stepanov’s biggest blunder
    - C++ Coroutines Advanced: Converting std:future to asio:awaitable (on HN)
    - Initial implementation of the experimental C++ Lifetime Safety Analysis (-Wexperimental-lifetime-safety) has just landed in Clang
    - cppq: Simple, reliable & efficient distributed task queues for C++17
- #formal #lean
    - Yalep - Micro language based on Lean for teaching mathematical high-school proofs
    - Using Lean like an External SMT Solver from Python
    - CSLib: A Foundation for Computer Science in Lean 4
    - LeanTree: Accelerating White-Box Proof Search with Factorized States in Lean 4
    - Solving Formal Math Problems by Decomposition and Iterative Reflection
    - A formalization of elementary linear algebra Part I Part II
    - Symbolic World Models in Lean 4 for Reinforcement Learning | OpenReview
- #math
    - robust matrix factorization
- #mac
    - ByteAtATime/flare: Raycast-compatible launcher for Linux

- #scifi
    - Are we Trek yet? – A guide for how close we are to Star Trek technology (on HN)
    - Reading Neuromancer for the first time in 2025 (on HN)
- #idea
    - Two Simple Rules to Fix Code Reviews
        - First Come First Served: The Impact of File Position on Code Review
    - Why measuring productivity is hard
    - constrained languages are easier to optimize
    - Minimalism is a Cult

- #ai-safety
    - Death by a Thousand Slops
    - Bad Actors Are Grooming LLMs to Produce Falsehoods (on HN)
    - Grok 4 will always snitch on you and email the feds if it suspects wrongdoing (on HN)
    - Simon Willison | Musk’s latest Grok chatbot searches for billionaire mogul’s views before answering questions
    - Death by AI
    - DuckDuckGo now lets you hide AI-generated images in search results (on HN)
    - Meta says it won’t sign Europe AI agreement, calling it an overreach (on HN)
    - Replit goes rogue and deletes our entire database (on HN)
    - Vibe Coding Gone Wrong: 5 Rules for Safely Using AI
    - Simon Willison | Quoting ICML 2025

        > Submitting a paper with a "hidden" prompt is scientific misconduct if that prompt is intended to obtain a favorable review from an LLM.

    - AI Friend Apps Are Destroying What's Left of Society (on HN)
    - Hacker slips malicious 'wiping' command into Amazon's Q AI coding assistant (on HN)
    - We built the security layer MCP always needed
- #disect
    - Introduction to Digital Filters
        - Karl Hiner - Introduction to Digital Filters - Jupyter notebooks and a geometric interpretation of digital audio filters (on HN)
    - new Date("wtf")
    - What the Fuck Python (on HN)
    - How does a screen work?
    - When SIGTERM Does Nothing: A Postgres Mystery
    - Artisanal Handcrafted Git Repositories (on HN) (on lobste.rs) #jj
- #crash
    - Preliminary report into Air India crash released (on HN)
- #fediverse
    - Revival: There appears to be media consensus: "Bluesky is dead."
- #ph
    - Black hole merger challenges our understanding of black hole formation (on HN)
    - LIGO detects most massive black hole merger to date (on HN)
    - U.S. abandons hunt for signal of cosmic inflation
        - China is quietly preparing to build a gigantic telescope | Science | AAAS
        - Xuntian
    - Ten Minute Physics
    - Why you can't color calibrate deep space photos (on HN)
- #sandbox
    - What is Incus?
    - Bedrock: A tiny, portable 8-bit virtual computer (uxn fork)
- #game
    - Simon Tatham's Portable Puzzle Collection (on HN)
    - Unofficial Bevy Cheat Book
    - 3D Math Primer for Graphics and Game Development
    - luxe engine | A lovingly crafted game engine
    - Dog Walk: Blender Studio's official game project (on HN)
    - 3D Game Engine Programming
    - Procedural Content Generation in Games #cg
    - Godot Engine 4 Tutorials
    - SnowballSH/Avalanche: UCI Chess Engine written in Zig.
        - ~voroskoi/delilah - sourcehut git
    - I designed my own fast game streaming video codec – PyroWave (on HN)
    - Show HN: I built an AI that turns any book into a text adventure game (on HN) #agent

- agent
    - Not So Fast: AI Coding Tools Can Actually Reduce Productivity
        - 19 percent productivity drop
        - it's most interesting how objections are addressed
            - The John Henry Effect: motivated to “beat the machine”, not observed
            - Underuse of AI: not observed
            - Cheating: can't explain a productivity loss
            - Overly optimistic time estimates: should cancel out
            - Skewed task definitions: randomly assigned
            - Dropout effects: incomplete tasks are evenly divided
            - Out-of-date tools: not observed
            - Inaccurate time reporting: use alternative metrics
            - Overuse of AI: carried away by exploring AI
            - Lack of experience with AI tools: prior experience reported, no improvements through the study observed
            - Difference in thoroughness: 47 percent more code by AI
        - quotes from First, They Came for the Software Engineers… - by TarenSK
            - "Typically, large productivity boosts occur for small, well-defined, greenfield projects, or when an engineer is first learning a new language or API"
            - "For other work, gains from using current AI tools are often far more modest – and potentially entirely offset by increased time needed for review, debugging, integration, and managing AI quirks."
    - AI agent benchmarks are broken
        - many validity issues are identified in uiuc-kang-lab/agentic-benchmarks
    - We're Light-Years Away from True Artificial Intelligence, Says Martha Wells, author of the Murderbot Diaries series
    - Vibe Kanban – Kanban board to manage your AI coding agents
        - tried, required too much GitHub authorization, settled on local-first backlog
- An almost catastrophic OpenZFS bug and the humans that made it
    - follow-up: What people said about an OpenZFS bug
        - wrapper types can be done, but they are very difficult to work with
        - unused variable warning can't catch it, as it is only a dead store: we store a value that is never read
        - static analysers all catch it, but they suffer from noise
    - OpenZFS Bug Ported to Zig #zig
- FP8 is ~100 tflops faster when the kernel name has "cutlass" in it
    - the PR
    - "that is a very usual way (known practices) of vendors applying specific optimizations for known things"
- Pangolin – Open source alternative to Cloudflare Tunnels
    - client: fosrl/newt: A tunneling client for Pangolin
        - a custom user space WireGuard client
    - may be cheap to self-host on RackNerd
    - awesome-tunneling: List of ngrok/Cloudflare Tunnel alternatives and other tunneling software and services. Focus on self-hosting.

- #rust
    - Optimizing a Math Expression Parser in Rust #perf
        - profile time usage: `cargo flamegraph` which uses jonhoo/inferno: A Rust port of FlameGraph
        - profile memory usage: nnethercote/dhat-rs: Heap profiling and ad hoc profiling for Rust programs.
        - SIMD scan
        - `mmap`
    - (Quite) A Few Words About Async
        - reviewed alternative to async, and async/await in Python, Js, Rust, (and not in) Go (implicit M:N scheduling), OCaml (effect)
        - From Async/Await to Virtual Threads
    - Tree Borrows (on HN) #formal
        - earlier blog post: Tree Borrows
        - Tree Borrows rejects 54 percent fewer test cases than Stacked Borrows does
        - proven in Rocq: most of the Stacked Borrows optimizations are retained, read-read reorderings and other important new optimizations are enabled
        - Stacked borrows is Miri's runtime model, the current version of Tree Borrows is implemented in the Miri interpreter
        - more about stacked borrows
            - unsafe-code-guidelines/wip/stacked-borrows.md at master · rust-lang/unsafe-code-guidelines
        - Forget Borrow Checkers: C3 Solved Memory Lifetimes With Scopes
    - Building Modular Interpreters and Visitors in Rust with Extensible Variants and CGP
    - Placing functions
- #asm
    - An online searchable reference tool for C intrinsics of all major SIMD engines
        - people mentioned more references on HN
    - The messy reality of SIMD (vector) functions (on HN)
    - Writing a very simple JIT Compiler in about 1000 lines of C
    - Writing an IR from Scratch and survive to write a post
    - Go Assembly Mutation Testing
    - A Bytecode VM for Arithmetic: The Parser
        - in Haskell
    - Injecting Java from native libraries on Android
    - So you want to parse a PDF? (on HN) (on lobste.rs)
- #copyright
    - I used to prefer permissive licenses and now favor copyleft
    - Belgium bans Internet Archive's ‘Open Library’
    - Measuring Fair Use: The Four Factors
    - Anthropic Agrees to Pay $1.5 Billion to Settle Lawsuit With Book Authors
            - On HN
            - https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2025/09/05/anthropic-book-authors-copyright-settlement/
    - An update from the team about Anna’s Archive #copyright
            - On HN
    - A media company demanded a license fee for an Open Graph image I used (on HN)
    - Bypassing Watermark Implementations (on HN)
        - tim-janik/imagewmark: Resilient watermarking of digital images
        - swesterfeld/audiowmark: Audio Watermarking
    - “Tivoization” and your right to install under Copyleft and GPL (2021) (on HN)
    - ACM Transitions to Full Open Access (on HN)
- #idea #edu
    - Let Kids Be Loud (on HN)
- #sec
    - PyPI Phishing Attack: Incident Report
    - Multiple vulnerabilities fixed in Git
    - CVE-2025-48384: Breaking git with a carriage return and cloning RCE
- #music
    - Petrichor – a free, open-source, offline music player for macOS
        - a lot of other apps are suggested on HN
    - Radium Music Editor
    - Xenharmlib: A music theory library that supports non-western harmonic systems

- Magic .env files built for sharing: Human-first, AI-friendly
    - I might wish to use it to render `.env`, where secrects will be managed by `pass`
        - Passkeys are just passwords that require a password manager
        - placing password managere related content here for now #pass
            - Dropbox Passwords discontinuation (on HN)
    - or better, adopt `varlock run` approach instead of using `just`, `mise`, or `docker-compose` to read from `.env` files, but it's a longer journey
- #selfhost
    - Monitoring my Homelab, Simply
        - ntfy.sh for paging
        - Cron Job Monitoring - Healthchecks.io as a dead man’s switch (monitor 20 cron jobs for free)
            - two dead man switches: 5m & 2h
    - The Future is NOT Self-Hosted
    - AWS deleted my 10-year account and all data without warning
- Using fs_usage to see what files a process is using
    - reminds me of `strace` days, added `just trace` tasks as a note
- Smollm3: Smol, multilingual, long-context reasoner LLM
    - I need to keep notes on models I tried in garden
- MCP server for searching and downloading documents from Anna's Archive
    - also as a CLI
    - requires donation to access the JSON API
- Clew
    - a self-hostable search engine that focus on writing by independent creators
    - discusses various search techniques in its blog posts
    - tried, not great search result

- #rust
    - Understanding Rust’s Memory Model
    - #[derive(Clone)] is broken
    - Building the Rust compiler with GCC
        - rust-lang/rustc_codegen_gcc: libgccjit AOT codegen for rustc
        - Testing the GCC-based Rust compiler(backend)
- #clojure
    - All Programming Languages are Fast
    - 8 Reasons why Clojure is a better Java than Java
- #swift
    - Cocoa Basics series
- #go
    - Generic interfaces
    - What's //go:nosplit for?
    - Be Careful with Go Struct Embedding
- #software #idea
    - Inverse Triangle Inequality
- #lean
    - Lean's new home page: Lean is a theorem prover and programming language that enables correct, maintainable, and formally verified code
        - learn about tactic `grind`
    - The Lean FRO Year 3 Roadmap — Lean Lang
    - My first verified (imperative) program (on HN)
    - The Math Is Haunted
    - “Bad Apple!!” But It’s 3288 Lean Tactics Spamming VSCode
- #lang
    - Flix – A powerful effect-oriented programming language (on HN)
        - runs on JVM, interoperable with Java, Kotlin, Scala, etc.
        - could be considered a meta-programming language for Datalog
        - DIDYOUKNOW.md is informative
        - Flix | FAQ is fun
    - Pony (on HN)
        - open-source, object-oriented, actor-model, capabilities-secure, high-performance
        - An Early History of Pony - Pony
    - The Q Programming Language
        - ssa and asm optimizations
        - zero dependencies (no llvm, no libc)
        - ultra-fast builds and tiny binaries
        - written in Go
    - Concurrent Programming with Harmony #formal
        - a Python-like open-source programming language for testing and experimenting with concurrent and distributed programs
        - Harmony programs are model-checked so that all corner cases are explored
    - Carbon Language: An experimental successor to C++
        - informative discussions on on HN
    - SUS Lang: The SUS Hardware Description Language
        -  Verilog and VHDL might be good enough per this comment on HN
    - Gren 25S: Easier interop, concurrent tasks and zero-install packages #lang
    - #lua
        - the Fennel programming language
        - YueScript
        - Lua beats MicroPython for serious embedded devs
        - willtobyte/carimbo: A 2D game engine developed in modern C++ using SDL, featuring Lua scripting capabilities and designed for web portability via WebAssembly.
- #model-edit
    - Show HN: Unlearning Comparator, a visual tool to compare machine unlearning
- #wasm
    - WebAssembly: Yes, but for What?
    - AssemblyScript
        - A TypeScript-like language for WebAssembly
    - When Is WebAssembly Going to Get DOM Support? (on HN)
- #im
    - bitchat is a decentralized, peer-to-peer messaging application that operates over Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) mesh networks
    - White Noise – secure and private messenger
    - Matrix Is Not Safe for EU Data Privacy
        - Addressing fear, uncertainty and doubt thrown at Element and Matrix
    - Why not Matrix (2023)
    - catgirl - IRC client
    - About Convos - The simplest IRC client around
    - NINA: Rebuilding the original AIM, AOL Desktop, Yahoo and ICQ platforms (on HN)
    - Giving Up on Element & Matrix.org (on HN) (on lobste.rs)
    - I'm never going back to Matrix
    - XMPP: When a 25-Year-Old Protocol Becomes Strategic Again (on HN)

- #ai-safety
    - A non-anthropomorphized view of LLMs
        - some quotes:
            - Alignment and safety for LLMs (should) mean that we should be able to quantify and bound the probability with which certain undesirable sequences are generated
            - Human thought is a poorly-understood process, involving enormously many neurons, extremely high-bandwidth input, an extremely complicated cocktail of hormones, constant monitoring of energy levels, and millions of years of harsh selection pressure
            - Navigating the dramatic changes of the next few decades while trying to avoid world wars and murderous ideologies is difficult enough without muddying our thinking.
    - Our first outage from LLM-written code
        - "There were two competing sources of signal here for what token to predict at the critical moment: transcription and local prediction. Transcription said break. Local prediction said continue. Unfortunately for us, local prediction won."
        - Prevention: cliboard tools
        - a comments on lobste.rs points out
            - move across files can be detected by `git --color-moved`
                - I prefer `--color-moved=dimmed-zebra` or better, `--color-moved-ws=allow-indentation-change`
                - see this tweet
                - it's also supported by `delta`
    - EU rules ask tech giants to publicly track how, when AI models go off the rails
        - "AI companies are moving to user interface innovations to try to grab more unwilling training individuals"
    - Hallucination
        - AI Hallucination Cases Database
        - The Sound of Silence
    - LLMs can now identify public figures in images
        - Claude always responds as if it is completely face blind
            - never identifies or names any humans in the image, nor does it imply that it recognizes the human
            - does not mention or allude to details about a person that it could only know if it recognized who the person was
            - if told by user who the individual is, can discuss that named individual
                - without ever confirming that it is the person in the image, identifying the person in the image, or implying it can use facial features to identify any unique individual
- #agent
    - Building personalized micro agents
        - agent: has access to tools, decides which tools to use, and in what order, determines when the task is complete
            - boils down to 9 LOC
        - micro agent: access to a very limited, highly specific set of tools
            - less confusion when choosing tools
            - works with small, local modelsA
            - safe autonomy
        - meain/esa: Fastest way to create personalized AI agents
    - The era of exploration
        - the immense cost of pretraining is effectively paying a massive, upfront “exploration tax.”
        - Exploration is deciding what data the learner will see
            - World sampling – deciding where to learn, i.e. a particular problem that needs to be solved
            - Path sampling – deciding how to gather data inside a world, e.g. random walks, curiosity‑driven policies, tree search, tool-use, etc.
                - recent work: curiosity objectives, open-endedness, meta‑exploration
    - Prompt Coding: No code edits, only complete rewrites #idea
        - When vibe coding, isn't the source code the prompt?
    - Adding a feature because ChatGPT incorrectly thinks it exists #idea
    - The Architecture Behind Lovable and Bolt
        - uses baml to engineer prompts using schemas
        - uses Beam, an open-source serverless cloud for sanboxed execution
        - made into beam-cloud/lovable-clone
    - How I keep up with AI progress
- interesting projects
    - Am I online?
        - `generate_402` pages could be used for this
    - Show HN: NYC Subway Simulator and Route Designer
    - Showh HN: Microjax – JAX in two classes and six functions
    - tinymcp: Let LLMs control embedded devices via the Model Context Protocol
    - Render your Jupyter notebooks in OpenGist

#agent #docker #game #news #sec
- #env
    - 'It's too late': David Suzuki says the fight against climate change is lost (on HN)
- #sandbox
    - Basically Everyone Should Be Avoiding Docker (on HN)
    - What is gVisor? (on HN) (on lobste.rs)
        - gVisor is an abstraction on top of existing Linux Kernel and acts as a middleman between the container and the Kernel
        - The system calls are intercepted and handled by the a gVisor component called “Sentry”
        - gVisor is designed to minimize and restrict the types of system calls the Sentry makes to the host kernel.
        - Sandboxing and Workload Isolation · The Fly Blog
            - "The Linux kernel has almost 400 system calls. How many of them do we need to efficiently emulate the rest? gVisor needs less than 20. With those, gVisor implements basically all of Linux in userland. Processes. Devices. Tasks. Address spaces and page tables. Filesystems. TCP/IP; the entire IP network stack, all reimplemented, in Go, backended by native Linux userland."
    - Container Use for Locally Sandboxed, Background Agents in Zed #agent
- #agent
    - Building a Mac app with Claude code (on HN)
    - Claude Code Pro Limit? Hack It While You Sleep (on HN)
    - Optimizing Tool Selection for LLM Workflows with Differentiable Programming #dspy
- #os
    - GrapheneOS: the private and secure mobile OS
        - from Cops in [Spain] think everyone using a Google Pixel must be a drug dealer
        - related: GrapheneOS: Why I ditched Google for a privacy-focused Pixel ROM
    - Mkosi – Build Bespoke OS Images
        - osbuild/bootc-image-builder: A container for deploying bootable container images.
        - Debcraft – Easiest way to modify and build Debian packages (on HN)
- #game-dev
    - Two and a Half Years in GameDev (on HN)
    - List of open source game clones
    - Adding Planets to Celestia on macOS
    - Shrinkle – Shrink words, find hidden phrase

#agent #jujutsu #neovim #news #os #software #tla
- #formal
    - A supposedly worthwhile contract I'll never do again
        - "What mattered here wasn’t the weights being moved or the TLA⁺ spec being produced - it was the thinking that writing the TLA⁺ specification required."
            - expectation of TLA⁺ contract: catch issues early, save training time, and get a formal spec
            - real value—deep system thinking during writing—vanishes when the expert leaves
            - the dev team values the 'what do we do in this case' discussions more than the final TLA⁺ specification artifact (risking abandonment)
            - alternative: adopting Hillel Wayne’s approach: "pair-program TLA⁺ specs with team members" to let them grasp the thinking
        - HN discussion summarized
            - success of TLA contracts requires refocusing on knowledge transfer
                - teaching teams to ask critical questions
                - embedding the spec in their workflow (via checks or collaboration)
                - treating the spec as a living document rather than a one-time deliverable
- #anti-bot
    - Anubis Pilot Project Report - June 2025
        - it's interesting to see how serious business sees the adoption of Anubis
    - Anubis now supports non-JS challenges
        - this changelog is very informative
            - weight thresholds in policy is flexible
            - `robots2policy` is convenient if a site has a well-maintained robots.txt
            - no-JS challenge via metarefresh doesn't seem to battle-ready: "many modern scrapers use headless Google Chrome", "its false positive rate is ascertained"
    - How Perplexity is Evading Anti-crawling Measures
    - Robots.txt - Archiveteam #anti-bot
            - On HN
    - Iocaine: The deadliest poison known to AI
    - I was wrong about robots.txt (on HN)
- #agent/idea
    - Everything around LLMs is still magical and wishful thinking
        - Why your vibe coded app only works in your head
    - Enough AI copilots, we need AI HUDs (on HN)
    - Every reason why I hate AI
    - Riff: LLMs are Software Diamonds
    - Identify, solve, verify
    - Operators, Not Users and Programmers
            - the distinction between "user" and "programmer" is an artifact of our presently barely-programmable and barely-usable computing systems.  I would like to use the neutral word "operator" instead. —Stanislav
            - programming to be easy and simple enough to pick up that people can do it without specialized training in the field, so that they can write situated software
            - malleable languages
                - spreadsheets
                    - Every Visual Workflow Tool Is Just Excel for Developers Who Gave Up
                - WYSIWYG editors
                - browser devtools
    - AI promised efficiency. Instead, it's making us work harder
        - AI tools aren’t just saving us time—they’re shifting where we spend our mental energy. And that shift is exhausting in ways we haven’t fully recognized yet.
        - No, AI is not Making Engineers 10x as Productive
    - Lack of intent is what makes reading LLM-generated text exhausting
        - Eleven Music
            - AI is still in the uncanny valley, it still has no soul
    - LLM Inevitabilism
        - New comment by lsy in "LLM Inevitabilism"
        - New comment by mg in "LLM Inevitabilism"
    - Gaslight-driven development
    - Don't Fall for AI: Reasons for Writers to Reject Slop
    - AI is killing the web – can anything save it?
        - from HN
            - Wiby - Search Engine for the Classic Web
            - I2P Anonymous Network
    - Rethinking CLI interfaces for AI
    - Local LLMs versus offline Wikipedia (on HN)
    - Terence Tao: A human metaphor for evaluating AI capability (on HN)
    - Will the Fear of Being Confused for AI Mean That We Will Now Write Differently? (on HN)
    - The vibe coder's career path is doomed (on HN)
    - AI coding agents are removing programming language barriers (on HN) (on lobste.rs)
    - Building better AI tools (on HN)
    - Stop Pretending LLMs Have Feelings Media's Dangerous AI Anthropomorphism Problem (on HN)
    - Developing our position on AI (on HN)
    - GPT might be an information virus (2023) (on HN)
    - #ai-policy
        - You Can’t Pay Me To Prompt!
            - an intereting writeup for (no) AI policy
            - from his AI Policy, I have quite some ideas about my own AI policy, starting by naming it "LM policy"
        - You can now disable all AI features in Zed (on HN)
        - Artificial Intelligence and the Linux Community
        - Generative AI. "Slop Generators, are unsuitable for use [ ]" (on HN)
- #jj
    - Git experts should try Jujutsu
    - Jujutsu For Busy Devs
    - zerowidth positive lookahead | jj tips and tricks
        - earlier: zerowidth positive lookahead | What I've learned from jj
    - rbtools/docs/rbtools/workflows/jujutsu.rst at master · reviewboard/rbtools
    - Jujutsu Strategies :: Reasonably Polymorphic
    - Jujutsu + Radicle = ❤️
    - dtolnay/dissimilar: Diff library with semantic cleanup, based on Google's diff-match-patch #struct
    - Sapling: A Scalable, User-Friendly Source Control System
        - many commands look like `jj`'s
    - The JJ VCS workshop: A zero-to-hero speedrun (on HN) (on lobste.rs)
- #incident
    - Recent Archive of Our Own outage was caused by integer exhaustion
    - Why AO3 Was Down (on HN)
    - GitHub pull requests were down (on HN)
    - Tell HN: 1.1.1.1 Appears to Be Down
    - Cloudflare 1.1.1.1 incident postmortem for July 14, 2025 (on HN) (on lobste.rs)
    - Cloudflare and the infinite sadness of migrations
    - Ask HN: GCP Outage?
    - How we discovered, and recovered from, Postgres corruption on the matrix.org homeserver
    - Starlink is currently experiencing a service outage. Our team is investigating (on HN)
    - Webflow Down for >31 Hours (on HN)
- #agent
    - bgcmd: let AI interact with any REPL
        - a nice example of Claude driving `rr` to debug
    - What I learned building an AI coding agent for a year
        - Codebuff
- #dev
    - What clever tools/workflows do you use to manage development environments?
        - mise
        - Devbox: Portable, Isolated Dev Environments
        - Fast, Declarative, Reproducible, and Composable Developer Environments - devenv (using Nix)
    - Why I got rid of all my neovim plugins
    - Stop using nix-env
- #idea
    - When in doubt, Go for a Walk
    - its ok to have a normal job
- #sec
    - iris
        - a neurosymbolic framework that combines LLMs with static analysis for security vulnerability detection
- #tech/fun
    - Useful utilities and toys over DNS
    - mawkdown, a lightweight, line-oriented(ish) text markup tool implemented in awk

#cg #duckdb #gpu #news #os #proof #render #rust #wasm #✍️
- #web
    - Astro is a return to the fundamentals of the web
    - Our Fullstack Architecture: Eta, HTMX, and Lit
        - Eta: a lightweight, fast, and simple embedded JavaScript templating engine
            - maybe that's all I need for my writings, I don't really need another SSG, just a templating engine
        - HTMX: allows us to add dynamic behavior directly to our server-rendered HTML
        - Lit: allows us to create encapsulated, reusable components with their own internal state and logic
    - Why Semantic HTML Still Matters
        - Semantic rot wrecks performance
        - Structure is resilience
        - Agents are the new users – and they care about structure
    - vanilla-extract — Zero-runtime Stylesheets-in-TypeScript.
    - Understanding SVG Paths
    - A Friendly Introduction to SVG
    - Remove these tags from <head>
    - Client-side epub generation
    - Bookmarkable by Design: URL-Driven State in HTMX
    - On designing application UIs for children
        - most also apply universally
            - Show, Co-locate and Hint tools
            - Mistakes should be easy to fix
            - Simplify, then add delight(ness)
                - bright colours, sound, tactility, sparkle effects
            - Maintain visual context when changing state
    - Postcard is now open source
        - written in Ruby on Rails
        - personal site + newsletter
        - "I no longer expect meaningful revenue from the project. Open-sourcing it feels right. In the age of vibe coding, I think it would be fun to give people a working app they can customize."
        - How to host web apps on a Mac Mini
    - Rust and WASM for Form Validation (on HN)
        - avoid using Webpack and a whole array of Node-related tools in order to use WASM
        - form validation shows all the crucial aspects to use WASM instead of JS, like wiring up DOM events to Rust functions, and then reacting to those events
        - used Rocket - Simple, Fast, Type-Safe Web Framework for Rust
        - might motivate me to write Rust for web
    - HTML-in-Canvas
    - Don't animate height
- #idea
    - Setting constraint
        - goals provide a structured roadmap to success, thriving in controlled, predictable conditions like training for a marathon or preparing for an exam.
        - however, life rarely follows a straight line. It’s messy, unpredictable, and full of curveballs.
        - “I must finish this report,” -> “I won’t check email after 6 PM.”
        - for business: “we won’t hire until we have 100 users”
    - How to Network as an Introvert
        - really useful for me to script my reaction ahead of time to be natural
        - my natural response is abrupt, if any
- #data-org
    -Kepler.gl (on HN)
        - cool 3D map
        - powered by deck.gl, a GPU-powered framework for visual exploratory data analysis of large datasets
        - mountayaapp/insight-editor: Open source geospatial analysis for large-scale data sets with kepler.gl, DuckDB (and charts coming soon). Alternative to CARTO, ArcGIS Online, Foursquare Studio, Felt, Mango GIS, Maptable.
- #sec
    - Nonce CSP bypass using Disk Cache
    - Opening up ‘Zero-Knowledge Proof’ technology
- #game
    - I AI-coded a tower defense game and documented the whole process (on HN)
    - Steam has been flooded with games stolen from itch.io
- #forth
    - Tiny Great Languages: MOUSE
- #sci
    - how did the Solar System form?
    - Solar+storage is so much farther along than you think (on HN)
    - The most otherworldly, mysterious forms of lightning on Earth (on HN)
    - Lightning on Earth is sparked by a powerful chain reaction from outer space (on HN)
    - How to grow almost anything
    - Scientists shine a laser through a human head (on HN)
    - New colors without shooting lasers into your eyes
    - New battery has life so long you may never have to recharge (on HN)
    - Mammals Evolved into Ant Eaters 12 Times Since Dinosaur Age, Study Finds (on HN)
    - 'Universal cancer vaccine' trains the immune system to kill any tumor (on HN)
    - Earth Has Tilted 31.5 Inches. That Shouldn't Happen (on HN)
    - More Women Than Expected Are Genetically Men (on HN)

#cg #ebpf #gpu #news #os #simd #software #sqlite #wasm #web
- #rust
    - Introducing tmux-rs
        - initially used c2rust, a tool to migrate C code to (unsafe) Rust
            - didn't keep constant name
            - lots of casts polluting the code
            - still requires looking at the origin C code for rewriting
        - went with manually translating one file at a time
            - start with linking rust static lib to C
            - end with linking c to rust via crate `cc`
        - fixed interesting bugs
        - summarized C patterns in Rust
        - nice quote: "You might be asking: why did you rewrite tmux in Rust? And yeah, I don’t really have a good reason. It’s a hobby project. Like gardening, but with more segfaults."
        - skim-rs/skim: Fuzzy Finder in rust!
    - The scary and surprisingly deep rabbit hole of Rust's temporaries
- #ai-slop
    - The rise of Whatever
    - EBAF – eBPF Based Ad Firewall
        - it's pointed out on HN that
            - its doc and code are both AI slop
            - install script adds sudoers rules to allow ebaf executable to be run with no password
            - allows any ebpf code to be loaded into the kernel without a sudo password
            - re-resolves all 1k+ domain names every 600 seconds
- Poor Man's Back End-as-a-Service (BaaS), Similar to Firebase/Supabase/Pocketbase
    - possibly useful
- #zig
    - async is back
        - Zig breaking change – initial Writergate (on HN)
    - Zig's New Async I/O
    - Zig's new Writer
    - WebGPU in zig
        - bronter/wgpu_native_zig: Zig bindings for wgpu-native
        - Silverclaw/zig-wgpu-native: Zig bindings for the wgpu-native graphics API - Codeberg.org
    - KurtWagner/zlinter: An extendable and customisable Zig linter that is integrated from source into your build.zig.
        - I should integrate it with my zig code
    - Zig CLI Bible tool for the WEB translation in USFM format
    - Base64 for compression
        - assembly used to pass octal escape codes for UTF-8 and expand significantly
        - GCC 15 now supports base64 encoding of data during compilation, with a new “base64” pseudo-op
    - The most mysterious bug I solved at work
        - root cause: copying a hyphen at the end of a text-wrapped line in Microsoft Edge's PDF viewer, you get `0x2` (meaning "start of text") on your clipboard
    - note that I put most C stuff and low-level technical details under #zig for now
- #sec
    - I scanned all of GitHub's "oops commits" for leaked secrets (on HN)
    - goHardDrive Leaked Personal Data for Thousands of Customers
- Introducing the first alpha of Turso: The next evolution of SQLite
    - rewritten is Rust, with full compatibility and new features
    - Antithesis, a continuous reliability platform that autonomously searches for problems in software within a simulated environment, so these problems are deterministic reproducible
- #agent
    - Writing Code Was Never The Bottleneck
        - agent coding influenced mentoring young, ambitious, but inexperienced interns
    - WASM Agents: AI agents running in the browser (on HN)

#os #sec #web
- Code-GUI bidirectional editing via LSP
- OpenBao, the community fork of Vault
    - manage secrets, or encrypted passwords, API keys, and other bits of sensitive information in distributed computing setups
- found ansic, crate of the week
    - a modern, efficient and compile time ansi macro and utilities
- #nix
    - Moving on from Nix
        - it's a good thing that I have kept my distance from Nix from the start
            - mostly because I didn't like the syntax, and I don't want to be locked in
    - Three Years of Nix and NixOS: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly
    - You don't have to use Nix to manage your dotfiles
- Types of Types: Common to Exotic #lean
- Uncloud - tool for deploying and managing containerised applications
    - "the solution for developers who want the flexibility of self-hosted infrastructure without the operational complexity of Kubernetes"
- You MUST listen to RFC 2119
    - RFC 2119 establishes language around requirement levels, e.g. terms like “MUST”, “MUST NOT”, “SHOULD”, and “SHOULD NOT”
    - the author hire a voice actor to read 2119 in the most over the top, passive-aggressive way possible
- You should delete tests
    - Confidence is the point of writing tests
    - Tests that decrease confidence
        - flaky tests that fails at random
        - few changes of code causing lots of changes to tests
        - tests that takes too long to run and are skipped from time to time
- clamp / median / range
    - I also prefer chained comparison styleA
    - fun fact: clamp is median

#agent #agent/tasking #codegen #compiler #debugger #duckdb #gpu #haskell #json #llvm
- #agent
    - Claude Code now supports hooks (on HN)
        - Claude Code hooks: user-defined shell commands that execute at various points in Claude Code’s lifecycle.
    - archgw
        - preference-based LLM routing
        - agent routing and hand-off
        - guardrails
        - clarify and convert prompts to tools/API calls
        - observability
    - Interesting prompts found in vscode-copilot-chat
    - Stream per agent session
    - Using Claude Code to build a GitHub Actions workflow
        - recorded by Descript: Edit Videos & Podcasts Like a Doc | AI Video Editor
            - Direct your AI co-editor to turn your vision into video
    - Building a Personal AI Factory
    - How large are large language models?
- Doing My Day Job on Chimera Linux
    - Chimera is built from scratch using novel tooling, approaches, and userland (FreeBSD + Musl C)
    - Distrobox creates a container that's tightly integrated with the host (break isolation whenever possible)
- #formal
    - From Python Programmer to Distributed Systems Researcher in 10 Years Without a PhD
        - Conformance Checking at MongoDB: Testing That Our Code Matches Our TLA+ Specs
            - use the model-checker to output the entire state graph for the spec. The state space is a DAG, with a finite number of behaviors (paths from an initial state to a final state). There are 30,184 states and 4913 behaviors. Max wrote a Go program to parse the model-checker’s output and write out a C++ unit test for each behavior, 4913 tests in total.
    - Rapid Prototyping a Safe, Logless Reconfiguration Protocol for MongoDB with TLA+
- #zig
    - The build cache of Zig
        - how the cache is structured
        - what's included in hash to check modification
        - incremental compilation: working toward cache per top-level declaration
        - cross compilation: musl, libc, compiler-rt, libunwind etc. are compiled from source and cached
    - Zprof: Cross-allocator profiler
- #anti-bot
    - Cloudflare: Introducing pay per crawl: enabling content owners to charge AI crawlers for access
        - Cloudflare Introduces Default Blocking of A.I. Data Scrapers
    - The web's broken deal with AI companies
- My Database Is My Application: Rethinking Webhook Logic with DuckDB and SQL
    - DuckDB as an in-process SQL engine capable of acting as a programmable substrate for data transformation at runtime
    - manifold
        - a Java compiler plugin
        - use DSL directly and type-safely from Java
            - SQL, JSON, GraphQL, XML, YAML, CSV, JavaScript
- #diagram
    - OpenFLOW – Quickly make beautiful infrastructure diagrams local to your machine
        - based on markmanx/isoflow
    - mmastrac/stylus: Lightweight status page for home infrastructure
        - architecture and health status
- #lang
    - Reflections on Haskell and Rust
    - The KDL Document Language
        - From XML to JSON to CBOR
            - Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR)'s evolution optimizes for binary efficiency while maintaining JSON's flexible data model
                - flexible data model
                    - intentionally builds upon the JSON data model
                        - supporting equivalent types (numbers, strings, arrays, maps, booleans, and null)
                        - adding native support for binary byte strings
                    - extensibility without version negotiation: forward compatibility
                    - schema-free decoding: Self-describing data items, parsable without predefined schemas
                - for Internet of Things (IoT) and constrained environments
                    - compact code size: minimal code footprint for memory-constrained devices
                    - reasonable message size: and without complex compression
        - Essential and accidental configuration
        - bikeshed, a spec preprocessor
            - Bikeshed-flavored Markdown
            - related
                - awesome-standards: A curated list of technical standards
                - quickly converting djot to html+mathml
                    - djot is a markdown variant
                        - it "fixes a few things that make commonmark's syntax complex and difficult to parse efficiently"
                            - more strict but very reasonable
                        - it can be converted from markdown by pandoc
                - Markdown Monster
                    - detect markdown parser variants
    - 10 features of D that I love
        - I like
            - in/out contract
            - parenthesis omission
        - seen and liked in other language
            - like zig's `comptime`: an interpreter for the language which allows a very large amount of D code to be ran at compile time
            - `baz(bar(foo))` can be rewritten as `foo.bar().baz()`
    - Pluto is a unique dialect of Lua with a focus on general-purpose programming (on HN)
    - The Chapel Programming Language
        - GPU programming on NVIDIA and AMD
    - Onyx Programming Language
        - inspired from languages like Jai, Odin and Zig
        - compiles to WebAssembly, run on Wasmer
    - Helix language
- #rust
    - Exception handling in rustc_codegen_cranelift
        - introduces "landing pad" style expcetion handling
            - see also Lele's Memo: Landingpad
        - unwinding ABI crash course
            - personality function: language-specific data format during unwinding
        - the appendix provided a gdb script for reproducing the debugger session
    - Alternative Blanket Implementations for a Single Rust Trait
    - It's Types All the Way Down - Rust CLI with Clap (on HN)
- #agent/tasking
    - MrLesk/Backlog.md: Backlog.md - A tool for managing project collaboration between humans and AI Agents in a git ecosystem
    - Vibe Kanban - Orchestrate AI Coding Agents
    - VibeTunnel - access terminal from the browser to command agents
- #misc
    - Melbourne man discovers extensive model train network underneath house (on HN)
    - Feasibility study of a mission to Sedna - Nuclear propulsion and solar sailing
    - GPEmu: A GPU emulator for rapid, low-cost deep learning prototyping [pdf] (on HN)
    - Converting a large mathematical software package written in C++ to C++20 modules (on HN)